Corruption is bad for development. Leaving aside the morality of bribe taking, influence peddling, embezzlement, and other abuses of power for personal or narrow group gain, corruption impedes investment and growth and exacerbates poverty and inequality. Human beings are prone to self-seeking...

The purpose of the CPPI is to help identify opportunities to improve a terminal or a port that will ultimately benefit all public and private stakeholders. The CPPI is intended to serve as a benchmark for important stakeholders in the global economy, including national governments, port...

Maritime transport is the backbone of globalized trade and the manufacturing supply chain, with more than four-fifths of global merchandise trade (by volume) carried by sea. Accordingly, how a maritime port performs is a crucial element in the cost of international trade for a country. Despite...

"Serrano and Trujillo quantify the evolution of technical efficiency in port infrastructure service provision in the major Spanish port authorities involved in container traffic. They also analyze the extent to which port reforms that took place in the 1990s had an impact on the efficiency of...

The World Bank began a three-year pilot initiative to develop a framework for enhancing development benefits to local communities in hydropower projects. There has been a wide array of approaches in the past two decades that all have in common the objective of designing and implementing means...

This study examines the gender profile of the Russian Federation through a comprehensive review of the current literature (1248 publications on gender issues throughout the transition decade) on the conditions of women and men and on the gender disparities in a number of indicators. The report...

"This study reviews regulatory instruments designed to reduce environmental externalities from the transport sector. The study finds that the main regulatory instruments used in practice are fuel economy standards, vehicle emission standards, and fuel quality standards. Although industrialized...

This review aims to identify ways of improving the structure and efficiency of the transport sector in Tonga. It seeks to provide a coherent and consistent analysis and evaluation, recommending appropriate directions and actions; identifies institutional structures for policy and planning,...