This paper surveys many aspects and issues of child labor, including its causes and effects as well as policies associated with it. Child labor has come to be considered an expression of poverty, both a cause and an effect of underdevelopment. Child labor cannot be viewed in isolation from...

The authors analyze child work in Zambia, applying two recent surveys, the Bank's Living Conditions Monitoring Survey (LCMS) of 1998, and the International Labour Organization's (ILO) Statistical Information and Monitoring Programme on Child Labour (SIMPOC) of 1999. The analysis aims at...

The causes and consequences of child labor are examined within a household decision framework with survival uncertainty and endogenous fertility. The data come from a nationally representative survey of Indian rural households. The complex interactions uncovered by the analysis suggest that mere...