last decade. It has been suggested that Brazil.s unexpected successes are the outcome of a new model of development. The …

differential effects of the countries? exports and imports and by postulating trans-logarithmic models that allow for non …-linear effects of literacy levels and measures of openness. The main findings were that literacy rates affected growth rates in a … rates showed non-linear and differential effects of the export/GDP and import/GDP ratios. Third, the models indicated that …