The practice of monetary policy has changed markedly in recent years. In addition to changes in the technical operating procedures, monetary policy strategies have been the focus of increased attention over the past 30 years. Monetary policy has been fortunate in that the interaction between...

We assess a New Keynesian macro-economic model that is supplemented with a micro-founded role for money in determining aggregate demand and supply in order to better describe monetary policy transmission. In this model welfare is higher if the monetary authority takes money growth explicitly...

We find that regional inflation dispersion has not markedly increased since the start of EMU, although it is somewhat higher than in other monetary unions (US and Germany), and that the distribution of member states' rates of inflation around the euro area HICP inflation rate is characterised by...

This paper considers the position of national central banks within the ESCB. The fundamental framework underlying the ESCB is that of a system of central banks in which component institutions are individually and collectively responsible for carrying out various tasks. Within this framework, we...

The IMF provides loans to countries in financial distress at a relatively low interest rate. In this article we calculate how much the seven largest debtors to the IMF have saved on interest payments during the Asian crisis and its aftermath. We explain how the IMF can charge these low interest...