This is a prepublication version of J.M. Beddow, T.M. Hurley, P.G. Pardey, and J.M. Alston’s “Food Security: Yield Gap” chapter in N. Van Alfen, editor-in-chief, Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food Systems, Vol. 3, San Diego: Elsevier, 2014, pp. 352-365.

Some studies have reported a slowdown in U.S. farm productivity growth, but the prevalent view among economists is to reject or downplay the slowdown hypothesis, implying that the rates of productivity growth experienced over the past half century can be projected forward. We set out to resolve...

A study conducted to evaluate the effect of heated-air velocity and air-to-cotton ratio on the amount of moisture evaporated from seed cotton in cotton gin dryers established minimum practical airflow rates for the dryers. The results can be used to reduce energy requirements in the transport...

Regression results for five Chinese provinces provide stronger empirical support than hitherto for the role of farmer education in productivity gains. However, these results are largely due to the inclusion of two small groups of outliers: one consists of very poor households whose heads have no...

In this article we explore some issues surrounding the use of farm‐level efficiency and productivity estimates for benchmarking studies. Using an eight‐year balanced panel of Victorian wool producers we analyse annual variation between estimates of farm‐level technical efficiency derived...

Investment in R&D has long been regarded as an important source of productivity growth in Australian agriculture. Perhaps because research lags are long, current investment in R&D is monitored closely. Investment in R&D has been flat while productivity growth has remained strong, relative both...