This paper examines the effects of a drastic change in dividend payout policy on both the return and risk of firms stock. We focus on the listed real estate markets of Japan, U.K and U.S. where the adoption of a Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) standard has imposed a payout policy of 90...

The 2003 European Performance of Buildings Directive mandated all EU member states to enforce disclosure on the energy performance of residential and commercial properties. This is the first paper to analyse the introduction, adoption and market implications of energy labels (EPCs) in the...