empirical analysis employs data on transitions to democracy from non-democracy to examine how aid and oil affect democratization … democratization. Building on theories of state finance and democratization, this paper examines one avenue through which these … resources affect democratization: government spending during times of economic crisis. Consistent with the resource curse …

development and democracy. Low-income democracies are at least as conflict-prone as low-income non-democracies, but high …-income democracies have the lowest risk of war. Increasing without democratization, on the other hand, does little to reduce risk of …

relationship between liberal power in the international system and waves of democratization. It develops a simple framework that … distinguishes among cases based on the strength of local pro-democratic forces and of the international commitment to democracy … victorious liberal powers made almost no explicit effort to promote democracy in Germany. Instead, Germany's transition to …

a democracy and explore the theme of “reciprocal responsibility” between leaders and citizens …

contexts. Elections, and particularly democratization efforts, often bring with them changes in the ethnic identity of the head …

of a truly independent Confucianism that is either politically “neutral” or even supportive of democracy and human rights …

The U.S is committed to supporting democracy in the Arab world during the Bush administration after the failure in the … collide, however, the U.S's democracy commitments are perceived to suffer. The author presents recommendations for an improved … relationship between the U.S and the Arab world, with a focus on a long-term, flexible and credible support for democracy building …