The construction industry is fraught with risks due to the use of heavy machinery and work at heights, leading to increased occupational accidents. Understanding how the work environment affects personnel adaptation is crucial, as a negative environment can have detrimental consequences on the...

The purpose of this study is to reconstruct and develop a more comprehensive competitive advantage concept model by combining the variables of spiritual marketing, innovation culture, quality of work life, and rewards for the tourism industry’s Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in East...