In the last few decades, there has been growing interest in forecasting with computer intelligence, and both fuzzy time series (FTS) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) have gained particular popularity, among others. Rather than the conventional methods (e.g., econometrics), FTS and ANN are...

There is a growing interest in fuzzy time series (FTS) forecasting, and several improvements are presented in the last few decades. Among these improvements, the development of causal models (i.e., multiple factor FTS) has sparked a particular literature dealing with the causal inference and its...