This study examines the long-run information role of open interest in futures markets. It is found that open interest of the futures markets for storable commodities shares the same long-run information as the futures prices, but not for the nonstorable futures markets. Furthermore, the futures...

This study investigates the relationship between consumer debt and aggregate economic activity based on time series methods and directed acyclic graphs (DAG). Quarterly US data, measured over the period 1980 to 2003, on consumer debt, gross domestic product (GDP), interest rates, housing starts,...