This paper describes the experimental characterization of a 25cm2 laboratory scale vanadium redox flow battery (V-RFB). The unit cell performance with respect to voltage, coulombic and energy efficiencies under different performance parameters (current densities, operating temperatures, flow...

As a key component of flow batteries, the flow field is to distribute electrolytes and to apply/collect electric current to/from cells. The critical issue of the flow field design is how to minimize the mass transport polarization at a minimum pressure drop. In this work a three-dimensional...