The strong flux variations distributed on the surfaces of receiver during its service life can intensify material aging and thus deteriorate the thermal performance of material. Generally, the single focal point heliostat field, i.e., focusing at the centre of the aperture of a cavity receiver,...

A step-change flow rate liquid hot water (SCFLHW) process was developed with the objective of improving the total sugars recovery including xylose and glucose from sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB). Total xylose yield increased from 60% for batch system (4.25% w/v, 18 min, 184 °C) to about...