Well-aligned hierarchical TiO2 tubular macrochannel arrays (HTTMAs) with high surface area have been synthesized via a facile one-step ammonia hydrothermal synthesis process without using any structure-directing templates. The typical samples are made of an assembly of macrochannels with uniform...

In this paper, novel TiO2 submicro-rings were synthesized via potentiostatic anodization of titanium powder coated on transparent conducting oxide glass. The TiO2 submicro-rings film was characterized by SEM, XPS and 3D optical profiling. Accordingly, a possible growth mechanism of...

Here we report a 3-dimensional dye-sensitized solar cell (3D-DSSCs) and module simulating the fractal structure of the pine tree for capturing sunlight. Compared to traditional flat solar cells, this type of solar cell exhibits superiority of absorbing sunlight from all directions. The...

This review is motivated by our recognition that an adequate and reliable electricity supply is a critical element in economic growth. From a customer’s perspective, electricity has several distinct attributes: quality, reliability, time of use, consumption (kWh) volume, maximum demand (kW),...

In this paper, we investigate the representation of wind power forecasting (WPF) uncertainty in the unit commitment (UC) problem. While deterministic approaches use a point forecast of wind power output, WPF uncertainty in the stochastic UC alternative is captured by a number of scenarios that...