Objective: Several EU countries are determining reimbursement prices of pharmaceuticals by cross-referencing prices of … direct and indirect impact of a price change depends mainly on the method applied to set reimbursement prices. When applying … cross-reference pricing, the reimbursement price is either determined by the lowest of foreign prices (e.g. Portugal), the …

its current drug reimbursement process because of budgetary constraints. One method of achieving this is to implement a … importance in the decision making around drug reimbursement. Second, a set of priority treatments to be assessed was determined …. Once the treatments eligible for reimbursement were determined, scores were assigned to these treatments according to their …

reimbursement and pricing of approved drugs, the so-called fourth and fifth hurdles. Methods: We reviewed 38 National Institute for … approved. Thirdly, we considered whether and when each drug was recommended for reimbursement and use by NICE, and whether … conditions of reimbursement applied. Fourthly, for the subset of FDA-approved drugs, we examined formulary placement, cost …

-shifting debate affects and is affected by Medicare. The aim is to gain a better understanding of how changes in reimbursement by …