On October 10th, 2011 the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel to Thomas Sargent and Christopher Sims "for their empirical research on cause and effect in the macroeconomy". In this article we present the...

We investigate if capital account openness has played a major role in the evolution of global imbalances on the period 1980-2003. We estimate, with panel regression techniques, the impact of capital account openness on medium run current account imbalances for industrialized and emerging...

Shaped by structural forces of change, banking in emerging markets has recently experienced a decline in its traditional activities, leading banks to diversify into new business strategies. This paper examines whether the observed shift into non-interest based activities improves financial...

Cet article présente un panorama du coût individuel des études pour l'étudiant ainsi que des mécanismes d'accompagnements mis en oeuvre en Angleterre, au Canada, aux États-Unis, en France et en Australie. Dans un premier temps attachons à décrire ces différentes formes de financement....

This article provides insight into the future of financial markets and regulation in order to define what would be the best strategy for Europe. To preserve financial stability, Europe has to choose between financial opening and independently determining how to regulate finance. Among the five...

In this paper, we analyze the differences in the sensibility of the distribution and transportation margin to exchange rate variations among different sectors in several European countries between 1995 and 2007. On the one hand, we provide new evidence that the margin reacts to exchange rate...

Le processus d'accession de l'Algérie à l'OMC, qui a débuté en 1987 dans le cadre du GATT, est de loin le plus long parmi les négociations en cours. Malgré ce délai, un certain nombre de problèmes importants doivent encore être réglés pour aboutir à un accord. Le passage du GATT à...

This paper studies the impact of the main external shocks which the eurozone and member states have undergone since the start of the 2000s. Such shocks have been monetary (drop in global interest rates), financial (two stock market crises) and real (rising oil prices and an accumulation of...

This paper, written for the project "Controversies of the nineteenth century intellectual property "[online" http://www.mshparisnord.fr/controverses-PI-XIX/ "], is a detailed analysis of the article "Patents" , written by Charles Coquelin for the Dictionary of Political Economy (1852), an...

This text is part of a study (Part I) on the phenomenon of free software. Here there is a questioning of the principle of the exclusive right of an author (individual or firm) on his work (the software) and uses thereof. Indeed, free software licenses (BSD, GPL, etc.) give rights of use extended...