labor costs. Our analysis indicates that when wages and prices are flexible, product demand policies have no significant …

global value chains (GVCs) on labour market outcomes. Due to the complex nature of GVCs and the interconnectedness of wages …

microeconomic data for more than 100,000 European individuals, the results show that welfare regimes make a difference for wages and … regional interpersonal income and educational inequality, also influence wages and education in different ways across welfare …

period 1987-2001, we find that the substantial immigration of the 1990's had no adverse effects on native wages and …

Since monetary union with West Germany on 1 July 1990, eastern female monthly wages have risen by 10 percentage points … relative to male wages, but female employment has fallen 5 percentage points more than male employment. Using the German Socio … of the hazard rate from employment. Differences in mean 1990 wages explain more than one-half of the gender gap in this …

. The new jobs created by the MNCs were found in activities with relatively high productivity and wages. This suggests that …