information for the innovation process of the firm. Appropriability is defined as the effectiveness of several protection …

We explore the relationship between innovation activity, productivity, and exports using a panel of Spanish … manufacturing firms for 1990-1998. Our results - based on non-parametric tests - suggest that firm innovation status is important in … innovation seems to explain the positive association between exports and productivity for this group of firms. For small non …

Successful innovation depends on the development and integration of new knowledge in the innovation process. In order … to innovate successfully, the firm will combine different innovation activities. In addition to doing own research and … innovation activities. Using data from the Community Innovation Survey on Belgian manufacturing firms, we show that firms that …

In this Paper we carefully link knowledge flows to and from a firm’s innovation process with this firm’s investment … results indicate that firms with small budgets for innovation will not invest in basic research. This occurs in the short run …

universities, using Community Innovation Survey data for Belgium. We find that large firms are more likely to have cooperative … agreements with universities. These agreements are formed whenever risk is not an important obstacle to innovation, and typically … appropriate the returns from innovation for explaining cooperative agreements with universities. We do argue that cooperating with …