municipality data for Brazil from 1970-2000. We show that the two central stylized features of population growth for cities …

structure, from a configuration where cities specialize by sector and host integrated headquarters and production plants, to a … configuration where cities specialize by function, with headquarters from different sectors and business services clustered in a few … large cities and production plants from each sector clustered in smaller separate cities. …

mechanism behind the emergence of cities seen as centres for production and innovation, and is consistent with the episodes of …

Firms are more productive on average in larger cities. Two explanations have been offered: agglomeration economies … (larger cities promote interactions that increase productivity) and firm selection (larger cities toughen competition allowing … selection model and a standard model of agglomeration. Stronger selection in larger cities left-truncates the productivity …

fundamental fact: what matters for the ecological outcome of cities is the mix between the level of population density and the … higher population density makes cities more environmentally friendly. However, once we account for the fact that cities may … be either monocentric or polycentric as well as for the possible relocation of activities between cities, the …