We consider a model with a population consisting of earners and retired persons; elderly care is publicly provided. There is one big city, where congestion effects and agglomeration forces are at work, and a number of small villages. We show how the externalities related to population mobility...

In most countries, average income varies with age. In this paper we investigate if and how it is possible to enhance the redistributive mechanism by relating tax payments to age. Using an OLG model where some individuals are low skilled all their life while others are low skilled when young but...

Using a partial equilibrium model, optimality rules for a commodity tax are derived for an economy that is exposed to cross-border shopping. In a competitive market, the conventional inverse elasticity rule is shown to be valid with the qualification that it is the elasticity of domestic rather...

In this survey of some central issues of tax and expenditure policy in an open economy, the authors consider the implications for policy of free--although not necessarily perfect--international mobility of commodities, capital, and labor. They examine the issues both from a positive and a...

A model is presented where workers move between two different occupations in response to economic incentives that are distorted by an income tax. Wages assume equilibrium values that are affected by the tax parameters. Incidence and welfare effects of small tax revisions are analyzed with...