Markets are ubiquitous in our daily life and, despite many imperfections, they are a great source of human welfare …. Nevertheless, there is a heated recent debate on whether markets erode social responsibility and moral behavior. In fact …, competitive pressure on markets may create strong incentives for unethical practices (like using child labor) to increase …

Tournament incentives prevail in labor markets, in particular with respect to promotions. Yet, it is often unclear to … willingness to enter competition with uncertainty and ambiguity, but men react slightly more than women. Overall, both effects … experiments on gender differences in competition may have measured a lower bound of differences between men and women …