Service inputs are a key component of the costs of exporting, and contribute to explain the process of … selling abroad. Because offshoring requires larger sunk costs than domestic sourcing, some firms decide to offshore only when … arm’s length. The model further implies that firms are more likely to offshore when frictions in the provision of services …

The study proves evidence of five new empirical facts on the impact of services offshoring on local labour markets …. First, services offshoring increases average employment and wages within local labour markets, much more so in the … manufacturing industry than in the services one. Second, positive effects are both on firms directly offshoring services and on non …

The upward sloping trend of rents and house prices has initiated a debate on the consequences of surging housing costs … the isolated effects of increasing housing costs in partial equilibrium. The model is closed by introducing a production … dampening the growth of housing costs. Abolishing zoning regulations triggers a slower rent growth and reduces wealth inequality …

mechanism considered in the paper is based on that multiproduct shipments allow splitting fixed costs per shipment across many … products and, therefore, reducing total shipment costs. As a result, more developed countries tend to have lower fixed costs …-product shipments in determining shipping costs …

of immobile residents. Investment is costly: Quadratic installation and de-installation costs limit the mobility of … and effects of changes in installation costs are ambiguous …

The risk of investment in schooling has largely been ignored. We assess the variance in the rate of return by surveying … positively skewed. Our best guess of ex ante risk in university education is a coefficient of variation of about 0.3, comparable …