Studying a relatively under-researched aspect in economics, this paper examines the nexus between corruption and … academic freedom. Our main hypothesis is that greater corruption undermines academic freedom and we test this hypothesis using … the direct and indirect (through corruption) effects of various drivers of academic freedom. Finally, additional insights …

Adding a new dimension to determinants of corruption, this paper examines the effectiveness of enforcement in reducing … corruption. We compare the influences of latent enforcement (police, judicial, and prosecutorial employment) versus actual … enforcement to combat corruption by increasing enforcement employment is ineffective, rather comprehensive improvements in …

I examine whether elections influence perceived corruption in the public sector. Perceived corruption in the public … sector is measured by the reversed Transparency International’s Perception of Corruption Index (CPI). The dataset includes … perceived corruption in the public sector increased before elections. The effect is especially pronounced before early elections …

This paper evaluates whether the level of public corruption influences COVID-19 case fatality rates. Using cross …-section data, including 64 countries and multiple regression techniques, we find that the level of corruption is positively and …

of corruption in a nation after joining the Union has not been formally studied. Any nation that joins the European Union … potentially faces two different and opposite effects on corruption. On the one hand, there are reasons to believe that corruption … is going to decrease because of the efforts of the EU to fight corruption or because of the opening of the markets to …

The nexus between corruption and economic growth has been examined for a long time. Many empirical studies measured … corruption by the reversed Transparency International's Perception of Corruption Index (CPI) and ignored that the CPI was not … 2012-2018 and re-examine the nexus between corruption and economic growth. The cumulative long-run effect of corruption on …

corruption. On the one hand, if we assume that the goal of criminals involved in corruption is to minimize the probability of … being detected, then corruption represents a demand for money laundering (trigger effect), while money laundering can serve … as an effective way to clean the revenue from corruption for re-investment (multiplier effect). On the other hand …

Adding to the corruption-gender nexus, this paper contributes across several dimensions: (a) measurement of corruption … by studying whether female managers and female owners of firms perceived corruption differently; (b) using survey … and female owners perceived corruption to be lower relative to men. Furthermore, older firms perceived corruption to be a …

economy may be trapped in a locally stable high-corruption, high-slavery equilibrium and major changes in government policies …

We study the effect of a corruption reflection index on internal conflict in Iran using a novel measure of corruption … variance decomposition analyses to track the response of protests to shocks in the level of corruption. Using annual data from … 1962 to 2019, we find a positive and significant response of protests to a positive shock in the news-based corruption …