In this paper, we offer a novel explanation to the surge in patenting bserved during the last years. With low … patentability standards at PTOs (Patent and Trademark Offices awarding so-called bad patents), not only "false innovators" have the … chance of being granted patents but also, and more interestingly, "true innovators" are forced to patent more intensively …

own innovation. The analysis predicts that the willingness to enforce IPR is U-shaped in a country GDP: small … enforcement of IPR yields a higher level of innovation and global welfare only if the developing country does not innovate. A …

We investigate how international patent activity enables firms from emerging economies to thrive in the global … marketplace. We match Chinese customs data to US patent records, and leverage the quasi-random assignment of USPTO patent … examiners to identify the causal effect of a US patent grant on the subsequent export performance of Chinese firms. Successful …

Recent empirical studies suggest a need for a flexible patent regime responding to industry characteristics. In … practice, sector-specific modifications of patent strength already exist but lack theoretical foundation. This paper intends to … make up for this neglect by scrutinizing in what direction industry characteristics influence optimal patent strength. It …

received over their careers, and employed to highlight the implications of patent institutions for markets in inventions and … for democratization. The United States deliberately created a patent system that differed from existing European systems … in ways that significantly affected the course of technological change. Patent rights in the U.S. helped to define and …

Encouraging inventors to disclose new inventions is an important economic justification for the patent system, yet the … technical information contained in patent applications is often inadequate and unclear. This paper proposes a novel approach to … measure disclosure in patent applications using algorithms from computation allinguistics. Borrowing methods from the …

inverse U-shaped relationship between patent strength and growth: moderate levels of patent protection can stimulate growth …

We study the causal impact of invalidating marginally valid patents during post-grant opposition at the European Patent … Office on affected inventors’ subsequent patenting. We exploit exogenous variation in invalidation by leveraging the … participation of a patent’s original examiner in the opposition division as an instrument. We find a disciplinary effect of …

. Domestic innovation is measured as citation-weighted domestic patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO): to account for … to patent at the EPO. Results show that, in the short-run, IPR stimulate innovation. The effect for developing countries …This paper analyses the causal impact of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) on pharmaceutical innovation in a panel of …