Studying a relatively under-researched aspect in economics, this paper examines the nexus between corruption and … academic freedom. Our main hypothesis is that greater corruption undermines academic freedom and we test this hypothesis using … the direct and indirect (through corruption) effects of various drivers of academic freedom. Finally, additional insights …

Adding a new dimension to determinants of corruption, this paper examines the effectiveness of enforcement in reducing … corruption. We compare the influences of latent enforcement (police, judicial, and prosecutorial employment) versus actual … enforcement to combat corruption by increasing enforcement employment is ineffective, rather comprehensive improvements in …

sector is measured by the reversed Transparency International’s Perception of Corruption Index (CPI). The dataset includes …I examine whether elections influence perceived corruption in the public sector. Perceived corruption in the public … perceived corruption in the public sector increased before elections. The effect is especially pronounced before early elections …

This paper evaluates whether the level of public corruption influences COVID-19 case fatality rates. Using cross …-section data, including 64 countries and multiple regression techniques, we find that the level of corruption is positively and …

of corruption in a nation after joining the Union has not been formally studied. Any nation that joins the European Union … potentially faces two different and opposite effects on corruption. On the one hand, there are reasons to believe that corruption … is going to decrease because of the efforts of the EU to fight corruption or because of the opening of the markets to …

corruption by the reversed Transparency International's Perception of Corruption Index (CPI) and ignored that the CPI was not …The nexus between corruption and economic growth has been examined for a long time. Many empirical studies measured … 2012-2018 and re-examine the nexus between corruption and economic growth. The cumulative long-run effect of corruption on …

corruption. On the one hand, if we assume that the goal of criminals involved in corruption is to minimize the probability of … being detected, then corruption represents a demand for money laundering (trigger effect), while money laundering can serve … as an effective way to clean the revenue from corruption for re-investment (multiplier effect). On the other hand …

Adding to the corruption-gender nexus, this paper contributes across several dimensions: (a) measurement of corruption … by studying whether female managers and female owners of firms perceived corruption differently; (b) using survey … and female owners perceived corruption to be lower relative to men. Furthermore, older firms perceived corruption to be a …

economy may be trapped in a locally stable high-corruption, high-slavery equilibrium and major changes in government policies …

We study the effect of a corruption reflection index on internal conflict in Iran using a novel measure of corruption … variance decomposition analyses to track the response of protests to shocks in the level of corruption. Using annual data from … 1962 to 2019, we find a positive and significant response of protests to a positive shock in the news-based corruption …