types of events. This paper examines the effect of staging the largest and most important sporting event in the world, the …

methods, we use the FIFA World Cup 2006 as a natural experiment. The significant ex-post increase in valuation is shown to be … World Cup finals were the first mega-event hosted by reunified Germany. We use this landmark event in German contemporary …

understood. This study fills part of this gap by analyzing the effect of sports club participation, one of the most popular extra …

Based on a unique composite dataset measuring heterogeneous sports participation, labour market outcomes and local … facilities provision, this paper examines for the first time the association between different types of sports participation on … employment and earnings in England. Clear associations between labour market outcomes and sports participation are established …

expansion in female sports participation by using variation in the level of boys’ athletic participation across states before … changes between pre- and post-cohorts reveals that a 10-percentage point rise in state-level female sports participation … participation. Furthermore, greater opportunities to play sports leads to greater female participation in previously male …

Based on the Canadian National Population Health Survey we estimate the effects of individual sports and exercise on …