, and Europe are presented, using age-heaping techniques. Assessing the determinants of numeracy, we find school enrolment …

expansion of school attainment has not guaranteed improved economic conditions. This paper reviews the role of education in … evidence that the cognitive skills of the population - rather than mere school attainment - are powerfully related to … reveal much larger skill deficits in developing countries than generally derived from just school enrollment and attainment …

information on the public-private character of both operation and funding of each tested school. Across countries, public …

all due to differences in what students bring with them to school – socio-economic background, cultural factors, and the … like? Or do school systems make a difference? This essay argues that differences in features of countries' school systems … factors of the school system, as well as factors beyond the school system, account for cross-country achievement differences …

Decentralization of decision-making is among the most intriguing recent school reforms, in part because countries went … countries. Relying on panel estimation with country fixed effects, we identify the effect of school autonomy from within …-country changes in the average share of schools with autonomy over key elements of school operations. Our results show that autonomy …

develop detailed measures of state human capital based on school attainment from census micro data and on cognitive skills … for 20-35 percent of the current variation in per-capita GDP among states, with roughly even contributions by school …