This article investigates the patronage phenomenon in the italian, so called, Second Republic. In particular, the …, where the interests of political parties and districts may diverge, the formers would need patronage resource to assure … parliamentarians' loyalty does play a role in patronage appointments as well as the electoral result in the next electoral competition …

, in line with economic theory, that firms with no market power are able to shift a high share of a tax burden on to …

environments, we use a laboratory experiment in which we form groups and assign leadership roles at random. We study an environment … behavior. Moreover, appointing leaders who are likely to have acted dishonestly in a preliminary stage of the experiment yields …

-rational inferences, drive herd behavior. In Experiment 1, unobserved, whose actions remain private, learn from the public actions made in …

an experiment with piece-rate incentives we find that the comparative static and the point predictions on effort …