African (MENA) countries over the period 1990-2010 using panel data methods. For the first specification, namely EKC, we show …. More interestingly, findings from the estimation show that EKC hypothesis, HD and sustainability are crucial to build …

between income level and pollution). The new specification enables us to draw conclusions from fixed effects estimation. In …

We propose an estimation strategy that accounts for two major problems raised in the empirical literature testing for … make use of estimators that likely suffer less from heterogeneity, cross-sectional dependence, and other common factor … problems. Second, we apply nonlinear-nonstationary parametric and non-parametric estimation techniques to estimate the pairwise …

the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) over the recent period. Our methodology relies on four recent estimation methods for … non-stationary panel data and includes four pollutants (two global and two local). Two main results emerge from our … analysis. First, the EKC does not hold for most pollutants, and its validity crucially depends on the estimation techniques …

heterogeneity. These estimates confirm that the environmental risk for households is particularly perceived in more densely … public finance disequilibrium produce a strong heterogeneity between countries in determining the marginal effects of urban …

limit the effect of the shadow economy on pollution. We use panel data covering the period from 1999-2005 from more than 100 … pollution ; shadow economy ; corruption ; panel data …We study how the shadow economy affects pollution and how this effect depends on corruption levels in public …

This paper shows that whether pollution occurs as a by-product of economic activity (which is supposed to be the case …