Since 2004, China has been backed into a situation where the renminbi is expected to go ever higher against the dollar ….S. dollar, the resulting monetary explosion in China contributes to the worldwide increase in primary commodity priceswith …

constitute long-term appreciation expectations on yuan and yen, which have made China and Japan vulnerable to U.S. interest rate … cuts and appreciation expectation shocks. For both China and Japan - at different points of time - self-fulfilling runs …, speculative bubbles and post-bubble secular stagnation. To prevent a similar scenario for China capital controls, a tighter …

China has been provoked into speeding renminbi internationalization. But despite rapid growth in offshore financial … could attract even more hot money inflows, the People's Bank of China should focus on tightly stabilizing the yuan/ dollar … exchange rate to encourage naturally high wage increases for balancing China's international competitiveness. …