shadow economy are tax policies and state regulation. The size of the shadow economy was decreasing over 1999 to 2007 from 34 … countries over the period 1999 to 2007. …

by first referring to the most recent survey data on undeclared work in Germany and, second, by discussing four …

ethnic identity on the immigrants’ employment outcomes. Using rich survey data from France and relying on a polychoric … identities. The paper investigates the impact of the ethnic identity measures on the employment outcomes of immigrants in France …. The results show that having multiple identities improves the employment outcomes of the migrants and contribute to help …

In the early half of the twentieth century in West Germany the male breadwinner model was dominant with men playing the … provider role and women staying at home and taking care of children. The employment of mothers was not a common practice, so … way. The present paper deals with the question if and how the employment careers of West German women with at least one …

In der Öffentlichkeit wird die Schattenwirtschaft und deren rapides Wachstum seit einigen Jahren intensiv diskutiert …. In dieser Arbeit werden kurz die Methoden zur Messung der Schwarzarbeit erörtert und das Ausmaß der Schwarzarbeit in … Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz sowie in anderen OECD-Staaten für die 90er Jahre dargestellt. Es werden die Vor- und …