welfare recipients in the United States, the United Kingdom, Denmark, the Netherlands and Germany. It primarily refers to …

dropped on average by -55% in the US and -45% in Germany from the onset of the crisis to the summer of 2021. In the US …, schools were closed longer in richer than in poorer areas, while in Germany the regional variation is much smaller. However …, Germany exhibited substantial variation by grade level, with a strong U-shaped patterns that implies that children attending …

regressions show that under divided government a US state is around 25% more likely to adopt a welfare reform than under unified …

. Conclusions for welfare reform in Germany are drawn. …Social assistance in Germany reduces the incentive to work. TheU. S. Welfare to Work Programme tries to avoid such …

This paper reviews the U.S. welfare reform efforts over the 1990s and the effects of these reforms to date. Seven … paper ends with some speculations about why European policy-makers are becoming more interested in U.S. welfare reform …