and enforcement. Our key findings are: (1) prudential regulation limits expansion of plants with high initial pollution …

Adding a new dimension to determinants of corruption, this paper examines the effectiveness of enforcement in reducing … corruption. We compare the influences of latent enforcement (police, judicial, and prosecutorial employment) versus actual … enforcement (conviction rates) and enforcing institutions. Results based on data for more than 80 countries show that piecemeal …

Two countries set their enforcement non-cooperatively to deter native and foreign individuals from committing crime in …- mitted a crime in a country must be extradited back. When extradition is not too costly, countries overinvest in enforcement …, a large enforcement may induce criminals to flee the country whose law they infringed. The fear of paying the …