, resulting in gains in terms of both employment and wages for natives, which does not hold for documented immigration. Stricter … immigrants' wages are the lowest of all workers due to their ineligibility for unemployment benefits and lower wage bargaining … effect if it targets employed workers because this leads to a risk premium in their wages. Finally, I present empirical …

wage bin throughout the monthly wage distribution. We find that, after one month, wages increased by 17 to 37 percent for …

employment and higher wages, especially for low-wage workers such as female, unskilled, younger, and non-permanently insured …

effect on wages conditional on employment. The employment effect appears to be due to the effect of differences in the … and find that a ten-percentage-point increase in the initial conational share lowers employment rates by 3.1 percentage …

wages or union contracts mandate that relatively high wages have to be paid to these workers. I report some empirical …

wages. We estimate a negative connection between establishments' wage cyclicality and their employment cyclicality, thereby … cycle. While wages of the median establishment are moderately procyclical, 36 percent of establishments have countercyclical …

In addition to realized earnings and employment shocks, forward-looking individuals are presumed to condition their … perceptions of earnings and employment risks using rich monthly panel data. It documents considerable individual heterogeneity in … expected earnings growth and earnings growth uncertainty and in the perceived likelihood of a voluntary and involuntary job …