explain why urbanization did not drive the economy to sustained growth. Our main contribution, validated by an estimated VAR … productivity. The analysis provides a picture of a trapped economy where urbanization was unable to trigger a persistent process of …

n this paper we determine the main driving forces underlying the structural transformation and urbanization process in … barriers played in China's growth and urbanization. We find that the primary drivers for real per capita GDP growth are … migration cost reduction and skill accumulation. While trade liberalization is important for urbanization during the transition …

In poor countries, labor productivity in agriculture is considerably lower than in the rest of the economy. We assess … between the marginal value products of agriculture and non-agriculture are considerably smaller when measured through wages … than through labor productivities. Third, labor productivity in agriculture is severely mis-measured in the US. …

Average wages are considerably lower in agriculture than in the other sectors. We document this fact for thirteen …

Individuals urbanize when the net benefits to urbanization exceed rural living conditions. Body mass, height, and … urban females, and urban females may not have been affected as much as males by urbanization. …

to shocks, the degree of urbanization and specialization. We take the Great Recession, the economic and financial crisis … period, we find that the degree and nature of regional urbanization and specialization are important drivers of the …

through accessible data sets. Our predictions include an U-shaped relationship between the well-known measures of urbanization …