. Domestic innovation is measured as citation-weighted domestic patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO): to account for … to patent at the EPO. Results show that, in the short-run, IPR stimulate innovation. The effect for developing countries …

This paper develops a theory of patent portfolios in which firms accumulate an enormous amount of related patents in … infringe on other firms ́patent portfolios. We investigate how litigation incentives for the holders of patent portfolios … impact the incentives to introduce new products and draw welfare implications. We also consider a patent portfolio …

This paper analyzes patent pools and their effects on innovation incentives. It is shown that the pro …-competitive effects of patent pools for complementary patents naturally extend for dynamic innovation incentives. However, this simple … case, the licensing fees reflect the strength of patents. Patent pools of complementary patents can be used to discourage …

This paper develops a model of patent trolls to understand various litigation strategies employed by nonpracticing …

pricing system was changed in 2011 in order to tie prices more to the benefits of the pharmaceuticals. A multiple linear … regression of 187 pharmaceuticals which were assessed from 2011 to 2017 suggests that, despite the change, the manufacturers …