took place and trace back the development of wage labor within agriculture, industry and service sector. In particular, the …-industrial time the social organization of work occurred in various forms and that wage labor was rather a rare phenomenon in the … beginning of the 19th century. Hence, a widespread and functioning labor market cannot be identified at that time. Rudimentary …

Total Factor Productivity) to rich countries – offsetting efficiency gains from the spatial reallocation of labor from low …

the labor-market effects of other important refugee waves can be produced by spurious correlation between the instrument …

; labor market behavior ; transition ; state dependence …

pre-registered subsamples. The results imply very low substitutability of native for foreign labor in the policy …-relevant occupations. Forensic analysis suggests similarly low substitutability of black-market labor. …

The demographic history of the Jews in the Middle Ages may be characterized by two main phenomena: i) a sharp drop in …

History is a key subject in most educational system in Western countries, and there is ongoing concern about the the … proposes a simple linetime test for quantitatively measuring a human sense of history. The paper reports the results of the …