Cultural and social borders can be stumbling blocks to internationalization (frequent errors, delays). We investigate the persistent roots of liability of foreignness and identify two major factors conceptually: a lack of host country legitimacy (demand side) and a lack of responsiveness on the...

Determining the research and development (R&D) boundaries of the firm as the choice between internal, collaborative and external technology acquisition has since long been a major challenge for firms to secure a continuous stream of innovative products or processes. While research on R&D...