The focus in this paper is on the income leakage or loss that occurs when income is transferred from consumers to producers in regulated industries. The marginal leakage measure that is developed only requires knowledge about the demand price, the supply price, and the point elasticity of demand;...

Commodity stabilization under a buffer stock and under a buffer fund are compared. In the c ase where a good cannot be physically stored, stability brought about by a buffer fund scheme cannot result in a net welfare improvement f or society. When instability is due only to demand variability,...