Although certain guidelines have been put forward by the European Commission, Member States (MS) have had a considerable degree of freedom to elaborate their national allocation plans (NAPs) and decide on key elements for the first commitment period of the EU emissions trading scheme (EU...

Emissions trading schemes (ETS) coexist with other environmental and energy policies, such as renewable energy promotion schemes. The potential synergies and conflicts between these policies are worth analysing. Spain is used as a case study to illustrate the theoretical, practical and...

To what extent can Kyoto units issued pre- and post-2012 be used, and thus have a market value, under a range of post-Kyoto regimes/scenarios? Although the market value of these Kyoto units can be more easily recognized in certain scenarios than in others, this article shows that most post-Kyoto...