Zero-cost collars are option-based strategies which-by matching prices received and paid for the component derivatives-provide costless protection for stock or index investments. The investors’ risk appetite determines a return floor by selecting a relevant put strike and the associated call...

In this paper, a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) is used to price Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) Top 40 European call options using a constructed implied volatility surface. The prices generated by the ANN were compared to the prices obtained using the Black-Scholes (BS) model....

Hedging being a predominant financial concern, is considered as a robust method of managing investment risks. Literature evinces that the covered call strategy provides nominal returns alongside effective hedging. However, studies have not compared the hedging effectiveness of covered call,...

Financial markets behave in a volatile manner at certain stages in their maturity. These volatile conditions pose a market risk to an investor that can be limited by imposing derivatives strategies within the investment objective. The aim of this paper is to provide investors with a trading...