<Para ID="Par1">Contingency tables are often used to display the multivariate frequency distribution of variables of interest. Under the common multinomial assumption, the first step of contingency table analysis is to estimate cell probabilities. It is well known that the unconstrained maximum likelihood...</para>

Structural properties of generalised semi-Markov processes (GSMP) have been successfully studied in the literature. Examples are the celebrated commuting condition (CC), which is the key condition for unbiasedness of the infinitesimal perturbation analysis (IPA) gradient estimator, or the...

The paper presents a procedure based on the EM algorithm for the indirect estimation of the parameters of BiLinear GARCH (BL-GARCH) models. BL-GARCH generalize the class of GARCH models by considering interactions of past shocks and volatilities in the conditional variance equation. In this way...