This paper investigates generators’ strategic behaviors in contract signing in the forward market and power transaction in the electricity spot market. A stochastic equilibrium program with equilibrium constraints (SEPEC) model is proposed to characterize the interaction of generators’...

In this paper we investigate the optimal supply function for a generator who sells electricity into a wholesale electricity spot market and whose profit function is not smooth. In previous work in this area, the generator’s profit function has usually been assumed to be continuously...

In this paper, we consider a class of stochastic mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints introduced by Birbil et al. (Math Oper Res 31:739–760, 2006). Firstly, by means of a Monte Carlo method, we obtain a nonsmooth discrete approximation of the original problem. Then, we propose a...

Interconnecting distinct electricity markets by adding a new transmission line affects the outcomes in these markets in a complicated way when there is uncertainty in demand or participant behaviour. We use market distribution functions to examine the effects of interconnection using a single...

In this paper we analyse the equilibrium structure for a particular type of electricity market. We consider a market with two generators offering electricity into a pool. Generators are centrally dispatched, with cheapest offers used first. The pool price is determined as the highest-priced...