Council - was reached after a long-lasting discourse over the 2030 EU climate and energy policy package. This paper offers a … final energy consumption, and improved energy efficiency. We find that the renewable and energy efficiency targets have been …

environmental advantage over other fossil fuels. Using the World Gas Model, a large-scale energy equilibrium system based on a …

Energy development is an integral part of enhanced economic development. The fact that expanded provision and use of … energy services is strongly associated with economic development leaves open how important energy is as a causal factor in … economic development, however; and energy development competes with other opportunities for scarce capital and opportunities …

In this paper the demand for space heating energy is estimated by using a discrete-continuous choice model which … focuses on the relationship between the choice of heating equipment and energy consumption. The model is estimated on … show that household characteristics are important variables in residential energy models. Energy price elasticities and …

the choice of heating equipment and the residential energy consumption. The results for the income and energy price … estimated impact of the energy price variable on energy consumption is considerably weaker in 1994 than in 1993 and 1995. The … results for two different income groups in the pooled data set are also subject to stability testing. The energy price …

We analyse the energy flexibility and technological change in the pulp and paper industry by applying a multioutput … model, the energy flexibility occurs in different ways. On one hand producers may invest in technologies, which make them … able to switch between different energy sources. On the other hand they can change their output mix towards less energy …

almost three quarters of Norwegian households have heating equipment using more than one energy carrier, we would expect them … to be able to hedge from price increases and benefit from low prices by switching between energy carriers. In many … studies estimates of the cross price derivatives in Norwegian residential energy consumption give a negative sign. The …

We present a model for an energy market that includes a green certificate for suppliers of energy from renewables and a … purchaser commitment to buy these certificates. We show that price and volume effects in the energy market are ambigous under a …. Simulations shows a downward movement in energy prices as the government starts increasing the level of the purchaser commitment …