This paper investigates the sources and size of trade barriers at the industry level. We derive a micro-founded measure of industry-specific bilateral trade integration that has an in-built control for time-varying multilateral resistance. This trade integration measure is consistent with a...

Empirical studies on information communication technologies (ICT) typically aggregate the informationʺ and communicationʺ components together. We show theoretically and empirically that these have very different effects on the empowerment of employees, and by extension on wage inequality. If...