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In the tax literature, the tax effort index for any country is usually measured by the ratio of the actual tax ratio to the predicted ratio. This reflects mainly the variance in the taxable capacity of a country. A high value of tax effort index indicates that a particular country is collecting...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012017729
institutions established after the Second World War, NDB still faces important challenges to meet those goals. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012061815
During the past half century many nations have adopted policies whose function is to discourage cartels and other restrictive practices. Industrialized nations led the movement toward pro-competition policies, but more recently, developing nations have begun to join the parade. Initial steps...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011622490
While financial inclusion is typically addressed by improving the financial infrastructure, we show that a higher degree of financial literacy also has a clear beneficial effect. We study this effect at the cross-country level, which allows us to consider institutional variation. Regarding...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011902705
In 2014 over $60 billion was mobilized to help developing nations mitigate climate change, an amount equivalent to the GDP of Kenya. Interestingly, breaking from the traditional model of bilateral aid, donor countries distributed nearly fifty percent of their aid through multilateral aid funds...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011447223
In this paper we study the macroeconomic effects of large exchange rate appreciations. Using a sample of 128 countries from 1960-2008, we identify large nominal and real appreciations shocks and study their macroeconomic effects in a dummy-augmented panel autoregressive model. Our results show...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008905965
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009777644
Acknowledging the fact that the growth experience of countries is seldom well described by the average growth rate, this paper aims at identifying countries that are similar in terms of their growth process, thus emphasizing the dynamics of growth rates. To that end, the growth experience of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003876023
How far is the world away from ensuring that every child obtains the basic skills needed to be internationally … competitive? And what would accomplishing this mean for world development? Based on the micro data of international and regional … skills for 159 countries that cover 98.1% of world population and 99.4% of world GDP. We find that at least two-thirds of the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014477384
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013428057