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Formal trade barriers and transport costs explain only part of the resistance to international trade. Search costs on the international market and insecurity of property rights and contract enforcement have recently been emphasized as important intangible barriers to trade. This paper proposes...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011343291
To serve foreign markets, firms can either export or set up a local subsidiary through horizontal Foreign Direct … countries is large, while exports become more important if scale economies in production are large. This paper investigates … empirically the effect of different dimensions of distance on the choice between exports and FDI. We find that different …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011378320
During the last decades, the growth of trade between China and the Netherlands has been larger than the increase in bilateral trade flows between China and most other countries. Using a time series based gravity model, this paper investigates the main determinants of this increase. The empirical...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011374425
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Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003073190
Ineffective institutions increase transaction costs and reduce trade. This paper shows that differences in the effectiveness of institutions offer an explanation for the tendency of OECD countries to trade disproportionately with each other, and with non-OECD countries.
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011334343
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We derive a real gravity equation and gain several new insights that were hidden in the nominal specification used so far. Most importantly, the real effective exchange rate (REER) of the exporter and, via the importer's terms of trade, also the importer's REER matter, and we can identify the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011791519
bilateral trade, depending on the legal system. Moreover our estimation results suggest that the causal relation runs p …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011334351
We analyze the distribution of economic activity across space for different types of activity and different levels of aggregation. Not only is this distribution highly uneven (independently of the type of activity and level of aggregation), it is also remarkably regular regarding its size...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011335206