that unions were engaged in concession bargaining. Overall, our results challenge the common view that trade unions in the …

This paper presents an alternative implementation of firm-level collective wage bargaining, where bargaining proceeds … equilibrium is equivalent to the efficient bargaining outcome. In a dynamic framework with search frictions, we demonstrate that … gradual collective wage bargaining coincides with all-or-nothing bargaining when bargaining takes place in fictitious time …

and the level at which collective bargaining is conducted. Attention is also paid to the quality of industrial relations …. There is also some indication that collective bargaining at levels higher than the company can exacerbate strike activity … but this effect does not persist, possibly because of decentralization and the development of hybrid bargaining structures …

wage bargaining is more conducive to innovation - particularly product innovation - than competitive pay setting. We test … the theory with workplace data for Britain and Norway. Results are consistent with the theory: local union bargaining is … positively associated with product innovations in both countries. In Norway, local union bargaining is also positively associated …

occupation, by geography, and by gender in collective bargaining contracts from the 1940s to the 1970s, patterns in movements of …

according to moderating circumstances. This study shows that firm size and industry-level bargaining play a moderating role. The …. Coverage by industry-level collective bargaining makes a positive relationship both stronger and more likely. …