-collectivism. The model predicts that more individualism leads to more innovation because of the social rewards associated with … innovation in an individualist culture. This cultural effect may offset the negative effects of bad institutions on growth … individualism on growth through innovation. Using genetic data as instruments for culture we provide strong evidence of a causal …

innovation-friendly environment, resulting in a low export ratio given the small size of the country and its long-time EU …

capital is positively influenced by the size of the R&D sector, sheds new light on innovation and growth as well as income …

, particularly of university scientists, is positively related to innovation; (vi) there are many university spin-offs but these are …

This paper investigates the interplay between social capital, innovation and per capita income growth in the European … Union. We model and identify innovation as an important mechanism that transforms social capital into higher income levels …. In an empirical investigation of 102 European regions in the period 1990-2002, we show that higher innovation performance …

, and innovation in Africa. Using data from 34 African countries over the period 2011-2016 sourced from the World Bank …'s Enterprise Survey, we find that short-term mobility positively contributes to innovation, making this a potentially effective …