From trade in goods then trade in services, we now have digital trade. While there is no universally accepted definition, an emerging consensus on the scope of digital trade is that it includes all cross-border resident/non-resident transactions that are either digitally ordered, online platform...

Technological breakthroughs and the interplay of a number of fields, including advanced robotics, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, neurotechnology, data analytics, blockchain, cloud technology, biotechnology, Internet of Things, and 3D printing, have ushered in the Fourth Industrial...

This study presents a rapid assessment of digital technology's adoption in Philippine agriculture and its implications for smallholder farmers. Modernization of agriculture, a perennial goal in agricultural policy, is increasingly linked with digital technologies, as outlined in the Philippine...

Across different metrics, the ICT performance of the Philippines remains subpar compared to ASEAN members and other countries at the same level of development. The quality of the country's ICT regulatory environment, composed of regulatory authority, regulatory mandate, regulatory regime, and...

The size of the digital sector is significant and comprises various activities, processes and industries. The interdependence of different markets within and across segments of the digital value chain implies that barriers to entry and expansion in one industry can have far reaching effects on...

The issues and challenges in taxation in the digital economy stem from the complex and multifaceted nature of the digital economy. Reaching a common understanding and measurement of its size and impact is critical in devising a tax regime for the digital economy. In APEC Secretariat (2019), the...

The report begins by looking at the components of the digital economy in the Philippines to understand its current landscape. These include the physical infrastructure through which data is transmitted, the devices, software and the functionalities that these offer. This description proceeds to...