In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, global trade increased dramatically: between 1816 and 1914 trade grew between 3 and 4 percent per annum, compared with about 1 percent annual trade growth in preceding centuries. Southeast Asian commodity production for the global economy boomed:...

Populist politicians have leveraged direct connections with voters to win elections worldwide, often using emotional rather than policy appeals. Do these forms of campaigning work for programmatic politicians as well? We partner with a mainstream opposition political party to implement a field...